What is an "offer" in contract law?

In contract law, an "offer" refers specifically to a proposal made by one party to another, indicating a willingness to enter into a binding agreement on certain terms. The essence of an offer lies in its intent to create legal obligations upon acceptance. This means that when the receiving party accepts the offer, a legally enforceable contract is formed.

A proposal must contain clear terms so that the other party can understand what is being proposed and what is expected from them if they choose to accept. This clarity is fundamental in distinguishing an offer from mere invitations to negotiate or casual suggestions, which do not carry legal weight. The focus is on the intention to create a binding relationship, which sets an offer apart from simple discussions or informal communications about potential agreements.

Other options suggest misunderstandings of what constitutes an offer. For instance, a suggestion for future considerations does not indicate a commitment to a binding contract. Likewise, limiting offers to only verbal negotiations overlooks written offers, which are equally valid in contract law. Finally, a contract that has already been accepted by another party does not describe an offer; rather, it represents the concluded agreement itself, not the initial proposal made for acceptance.